Savitribai Phule

Early Life and Education

Born on January 3, 1831, in Naigaon, Satara District, Maharashtra, Savitribai belonged to the Mali community. She married Jyotirao at a young age and was initially illiterate. Encouraged by her husband, she pursued education and later underwent teacher training in Ahmednagar and Pune, becoming one of the first Indian women to be formally trained as a teacher.

Career and Social Work

Savitribai and Jyotirao founded several schools focused on educating girls and marginalized communities. By 1851, they ran three schools in Pune with over 150 students, introducing progressive teaching methods superior to those of government schools. Despite facing societal backlash—including verbal abuse and physical attacks—Savitribai remained steadfast in her mission.

The couple also collaborated with Fatima Sheikh, India's first Muslim woman teacher, to establish a school at Sheikh's residence. Over time, the Phules founded 18 schools and launched initiatives like the Balhatya Pratibandhak Griha (home to prevent female infanticide), providing shelter and support for pregnant rape survivors and their children.

Legacy

Savitribai Phule's efforts redefined women's roles in society and education in India. She, along with Jyotirao, advocated tirelessly against caste discrimination and gender inequality, leaving an indelible mark on Indian social reform. Today, her legacy is honored through numerous statues, institutions, and commemorations.

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